Timeline of PANDEMICS | 165 - 2020 |

-
" The fact that there was no catastrophic pandemic in recent history does not mean there won't be another one . And we are certainly not prepared for the next Pandemic "
                       ~ Bill Gates ( Ted talk 2015)

                  

The Pandemic is a disease outbreak that breaks across countries or continents . Below is the timeline of pandemics from 165 AD to 2020.




➡️ ANTONINE PLAGUE 
     

YEAR : 165 - 180 AD
DEATH : 5 MILLION 
CAUSE : MEASELS OR SMALLPOX
EPICENTER : ROMAN EMPIRE
IMPORTED BY TROUPS.





➡️ PLAGUE OF JUSTINIA 
     

            
YEAR : 541 - 542 AD
DEATH : 30 - 50 MILLION 
CAUSE : YERSINIA PESTIS BACTERIA
Spread by rats infected fleas.
Fleas were infected by plague.





➡️ JAPANESE SMALLPOX EPIDEMIC 
 



YEAR : 735 - 737 AD
DEATHS : 1 MILLION 
Killed 1/3 of Japan's population.
CAUSE : VARIOLA MAJOR VIRUS
Imported to Japan by a fisherman.






➡️   BLACK DEATH 
   
             Image source : Google

YEAR : 1347 - 1351
DEATHS : 200 MILLION
 Killed 60% of European population.
CAUSE : YERSINIA PESTIS BACTERIA
Airborne transmission of disease.





➡️ NEW WORLD SMALLPOX
  

YEAR : 1520 - Onwards.
DEATHS : 55 MILLION 
CAUSE : VARIOLA MAJOR VIRUS.
Brought to new world inhabitants by European explorers.





➡️    ITALIAN PLAGUE 

YEAR : 1629 - 1631
DEATHS : 1 MILLION
CAUSE : YERSINIA PESTIS BACTERIA.
Killed 25% of Italy's population.
Brought by troups returning from war.





➡️ GREAT PLAGUE OF LONDON.

YEAR : 1665 - 1666
DEATHS : 1,00,000
CAUSE : YERSINIA PESTIS BACTERIA.
Killed 1/4 of London's population.
Infected people died within 2 weeks.





➡️ THE CHOLERA PANDAMICS.

YEAR : 1817 - 1923
DEATHS : 1 MILLION
CAUSE : V. CHOLERA BACTERIA
Transmitted via contaminated water.
Causes severe diarrhea and vomiting.





➡️ THIRD PLAGUE PANDEMIC.

YEAR : 1885 Onwards
DEATHS : 12 MILLION
CAUSE : YERSINIA PESTIS BACTERIA
EPICENTER : YUNNAN , CHINA.
Killed 2 million in China , 10 million in India.





➡️ RUSSIAN FLU

YEAR : 1889 - 1890
DEATHS : 1 MILLION
CAUSE : INFULENZA , H2N2
EPICENTER : BUKHARA , RUSSIAN EMPIRE.
Spread facilitated by mordern transport.





➡️ YELLOW FEVER 


YEAR : LATE 1800's 
DEATHS : 1,50,000
EPICENTER : PHILADELPHIA
Killed 10% of city's population.
Spread by female mosquitoes.





➡️ SPANISH FLU 

YEAR : 1918 - 1920
DEATHS : 50 MILLION
CAUSE : H1N1 INFLUENZA VIRUS
Infected 500  million people.
Virus transmitted from pigs.





➡️ ASIAN FLU

YEAR : 1957 - 1958
DEATHS : 2 MILLION
CAUSE : H2N2 INFLUENZA VIRUS.
EPICENTER : GUIZHOU , CHINA
The virus transmitted from birds.






➡️ HONGKONG FLU

YEAR : 1968 - 1970
DEATHS : 1 MILLION
CAUSE : H3N2 INFLUENZA VIRUS.
EPICENTER : HONGKONG , CHINA .
The virus mutated from H2N2.





➡️ HIV / AIDS

YEAR : 1981 - PRESENT.
DEATHS : 35 MILLION
CAUSE : A RETROVIRUS CALLED HIV
EPICENTER : WEST - CENTRAL AFRICA.
Transmiited from chimps to humans.






➡️ SARS

YEAR : 2002 - 2003
DEATH : 774 
CAUSE : CORONAVIRUS SARS - CoV -1
EPICENTER : GUANGDONG , CHINA
Transmiited from bats to humans.





➡️ SWINE FLU

YEARS : 2009 - 2010
DEATH : 2 LAKH
CAUSE : H1N1 INFLUENZA VIRUS
EPICENTER : U.S
Mostly killed younger people .






➡️ EBOLA 

YEAR : 2014 - 2016
DEATH : 11,000
CAUSE : EBOLA VIRUS
EPICENTER : WEST AFRICA
Transmiited from wild animals.





➡️ MERS 

YEAR : 2015 - PRESENT
DEATHS : 850
CAUSE : CORONAVIRUS MERS - CoV
EPICENTER : SAUDI ARABIA
Transmiited from camels.





➡️ COVID - 19 

YEAR : 2019 - PRESENT
DEATH : 5,34,192 and counting
CAUSE : CORONAVIRUS SARS - CoV - 2
EPICENTER : WUHAN , CHINA
Transmiited by bats/pangolin.



Thanks for reading.

Anusree Nair.


( Image courtesy : Google ) 




Comments

Post a Comment

Comment below regarding any queries.

Popular posts from this blog

Time -Travel Paradoxes

-
Image
              " Time is just an illusion "            To be able to time travel is an understandably common human fantasy - to anticipate our own futures, to revisit and perhaps change and alter our past lives .Time Travelling is not impossible but it's consequences will play a pivotal role in making everything topsy-turvy. Time is considered to be the fourth dimension . A three dimensional object will have no real existance if it does not last for any time at all.We can thus conclude all mathematical planes are mere abstraction as an instantaneous cube can not exist in the fourth dimension - Time. Relating to time travelling many time travel paradoxes are put forth by  physicist.                    The Grandfather paradox The Grandfather paradox deals with the killing of one's own grandfather before the conception of one...
Read more

Dante's INFERNO - In a nutshell.

-
Image
" Abandon all hope you who enter here"              Image Source : Google The Divine Comedy is a long Italian narrative epic poem written by Dante Alighieri . Dante's works were very impressive and is an  epitome of greatest works of world literature.                     Dante Alighieri            Image source : Google The Divine Comedy deals with the journey of soul towards the God. The entire poem is divided into three parts as Inferno , Purgatorio  and  Paradiso. Here Dante himself is the narrator. Inferno means Hell in the Divine Comedy. It deals with the 9 Circles of hell as described by Dante.           Image Source : Google. This is the illustration of Dante's INFERNO.  Before entering into inferno   a soul has to make a choice whether to go into inferno or Paradiso. A soul who...
Read more

Here's how we will colonize MARS !

-
Image
            "Exploration is in our DNA" The Universe has always facinated us.Human curiosity have always reached it's  peak to discover the inexplicable.The scientists staunchly  believe that our prosterity might live on Mars  . Here's how they will survive :              Image Source : Google First let's get clear with the facts: ▪️ Mars is half the size of Earth. ▪️ Atmosphere is 100x thinner than that of     earth. ▪️ Atmosphere is not breathable - consists of 96% Carbon Dioxide. ▪️ Cold planet - Average temp. -81°C. ▪️ A day on Mars is 24hr 39 minutes. ▪️ Seasons and years on Mars are 2x  than that of Earth. ▪️ Gravity on Mars - 38% of the Earth. ◼️  This Distance is when Earth and Mars are both aligned  . This  happen once in every 2 years. To live on Mars we need the basis necessity of life:  ◼️ FOOD  ◼️ SHELTER ◼️ WATER  ◼️ CLOT...
Read more